Genetic engineering
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Explain the term genetic engineering and describe the general process.
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Describe the use of restriction enzymes, ligase enzymes and transfer vectors.
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Describe the main techniques in genetic engineering and their applications:
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Recombinant DNA.
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PCR.
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DNA sequencing.
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Cloning.
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Ecosystems
- Define ecosystem
- Define habitat and ecological niche.
- Given a tolerance curve, explain it.
- Name the abiotic factors on land and in water and describe how they vary.
- Give examples of adaptations of organisms, on land and in water, to light, temperature and water.
- Explain the relationships among the organisms in an ecosystem (intraspecific and interspecific) and give examples.
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Explain what a succession is and what kinds of successions can occur.8. Define homeostasis.9. Explain an example of these mechanisms of self-regulation: migration and feedback in predator-prey system.
Evolution
- Know
proofs of evolution. Be capable of comparing lamarckism, darwinism and neo
darwinism. Be capable of differentiating the characteristics between the three
theories.
- Understand the mechanisms of evolution (selection and adaptation via mutations). Be capable of establishing the relationship between gradualism and punctuated equilibrium.
- Be able to interpret a phylogenetic tree (apperance and extinction of species and where the common ancestor is).
- Be
capable of recognizing and describing the two phases of hominization.
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